Furthermore, dietary polyphenols, such as resveratrol and quercetin, have been previously reported to exert potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by targeting NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), suggesting that polyphenol supplementation can prevent and improve renal disease progression such as DN [8,9,10,11,12]. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and kidney disorder.