AKT1 and renal cell carcinoma: The results showed that HUVEC-supplemented culture supernatants of the RCC cell lines enhanced the expression of angiogenesis-related signaling pathways molecules, such as the extracellular matrix (ECM), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), Hippo, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 (Figure 5C).