Type II collagen, one kind of extracellular matrix (ECM) cartilage fragments, formed a complex with urate crystals and stimulated MSU crystal phagocytosis of macrophages, expedited the level of IL-1β, TNF-α through the ITGB1-dependent overactivated TLR2/4 pathway, and provoked oxidative stress, resulting in the severity of gout (62). Here, TNF is linked to gout.