CD274 and neoplasm: Notably, PD-L1 inhibition led to a significant reduction in tumor cell count (Mean ± SEM: 13,743 ± 1,784 in the atezolizumab group vs. 27,864 ± 2,257 in the DMSO group, P < 0.001) (Fig. 3A), whereas the uninfected cohort remained unaffected.