Furthermore, introducing lactic acid in the process of DCs differentiation in vitro led to a phenotype similar to that of tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs) formed within melanoma and prostate carcinoma MCTSs, marked by inhibited differentiation and reduced IL-12 secretion.278,279 Plebanek et al. discovered that lactate from melanoma stimulates sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) in tumor DCs, leading to the transformation of conventional DCs into cluster of differentiation 63 (CD63)+ mature regulatory DCs (mregDCs) through homeostatic or tolerogenic maturation. This evidence concerns the gene CD63 and neoplasm.