MTOR and acute myeloid leukemia: One study has shown that mTOR is required for the BM stroma-dependent maintenance of protein translation and mitochondrial respiration in FLT3-inhibitor-resistant AML.59 We found that refractory AML cells increase proteo-synthesis in their BM niches, where BMSCs become a source of translational machinery that is transferred to AML cells via EVs, to meet their translational demands.