FLT3 and acute myeloid leukemia: Notably, Nes-GFPhi BMSCs from AML patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, including FLT3-ITD AML, similarly displayed increased protein synthesis in a previous study (GEO: GSE148625).22 This was validated in human AML: a supervised analysis of human BMSC RNA-seq data (GEO: GSE84881)23 revealed higher mRNA expression of ribosomal proteins in patients with AML from different genetic risk categories compared to healthy donors (Figure S2E), suggesting that BMSC translational rewiring in AML is conserved across species.