A review of the English literature between 1950 and March 2024 using PubMed database focusing on PAP associated with cryptococcus was conducted using the search terms ‘cryptococcosis or cryptococcus or cryptococcal’, ‘pulmonary alveolar proteinosis’ or ‘PAP’ and ‘GM‐CSF antibodies or granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor antibodies’. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is cryptococcosis.