In contrast to the DCs, the number of CD4+ T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, as well as C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)+ CD4+ T cells, significantly increases in the post-menopausal endometrium and is more susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [44]. The gene discussed is CCR5; the disease is HIV infectious disease.