The Stepglm[backward]+GBM model incorporated 13 genes, including ACTN4, AHNAK, ATF4, ATP1A1, B2M, CYBA, GNB2, HES1, PRNP, TMBIM6, TSPAN13, VMP1, and YWHAE, underscoring their potential as biomarkers for T2D. Here, CYBA is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.