SMAD2 and Hepatic fibrosis: Although this study did not elucidate the interaction between the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and gut microbiota in liver fibrosis, we found that intervention with QgYp can reduce the levels of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the liver, portal vein serum, and colon of rats (Supplementary Table S1).