Regarding mechanism, IL-33 activates the p38- GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) signaling pathway to induce M2 polarization of macrophages, promote Th2 cells and ILC2 to secrete tumor-promoting cytokines, mainly IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, thereby playing a role in promoting tumor development (80). Here, GATA3 is linked to neoplasm.