In addition, fibroblast-like synoviocytes play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the protein p300 targets PKM2, promoting its lactylation, which inhibited RA-FLS proliferation by preventing the translocation of PKM2 to the nucleus, and the antimalarial drug artemisinin could enhance this process (Wang et al., 2024d). Here, PKM is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.