TGFB1 and breast cancer: Experimental breast cancer models have shown that knocking down AXL inhibits the metastasis of highly invasive breast carcinoma cells to lymph nodes and other organs, leading to improved overall survival.81 Similarly, TGF-β promotes AXL expression in HER2-positive breast cancer tissues, contributing to their invasive and metastatic properties.85 In summary, AXL plays a dual role in promoting EMT across various cancers.