Among multi-ancestry participants, we also identified 4 ancestry independent loci suggestively associated (P<5E-6) with co-morbid GERD and COPD whose representative genes were LINC02493, FRYL, (LOC643542 –TMX3), and (XPO1 –FAM161A) (S2 Table). Here, FAM161A is linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease.