EFEMP2 and dilated cardiomyopathy: On the other hand, in the GSEA and GSVA analysis of OA (Fig 11, S4 Fig, S9 Table), the EFEMP2 gene was upregulated in the cartilage tissue of OA patients, and was associated with multiple pathways and processes related to OA, including cardiac muscle contraction, chemokine signaling pathway, dilated cardiomyopathy, among others.