BAX and melanoma: Figure 2B indicates that itraconazole induced G1 phase arrest in melanoma cells. Western blot analysis of A375 and A2058 cells, as well as tumor tissues, revealed that itraconazole treatment increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax while reducing the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in both cell lines (Figures 2D, E). Additionally, itraconazole treatment for 48 h led to a significant reduction in the expression of CDK4 and Cyclin D1, key regulators of the cell cycle (Figures 2F, G).