EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: We next evaluated another antineoplastic kinase inhibitor, afatinib, which is primarily indicated for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and irreversibly binds human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinases to inhibit pathways of cell growth, proliferation, and survival (Citri and Yarden, 2006; Modjtahedi et al., 2014; Keating, 2016).