PDCD1LG2 and cervical cancer: Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor approved for treating recurrent or advanced cervical cancer under Japanese national health insurance in September 2022. It is a human monoclonal antibody directed against PD-1, which negatively regulates T-cell functions by disrupting the binding between PD-L1/PD-L2 and PD-1. The KEYNOTE-826 trial showed significant prolongation in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer treated with pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy only.