TGFB1 and neoplasm: Non-canonical Notch signaling can be started by a non-canonical ligand, or in the absence of a ligand, or may not need cleavage of the Notch receptor, or interactions with other cytoplasmic or cytosolic effectors.406,407 In addition, Notch signaling crosstalks with others like NF-κB, mTORC, TGF-β, AKT, Wnt, or Hippo to modulate target gene transcriptions.408–412 Notch pathway can function as both carcinogens and tumor suppressors depending on the context of cancers and cell populations.