TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Nearly half of HCC patients carry at least one recurring oncogenic mutation such as TP53, CTNNB1, or TERT, However, most of these mutations lack effective targeting options with conventional pharmaceutical agents.4 While inhibitors designed to target mutations in the TERT promoter and components of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway have been developed, achieving satisfactory therapeutic effects remain elusive.5,6 Most other mutations remain non-targetable.