DKN-01, a DKK1-neutralizing monoclonal antibody is being evaluated in a phase I trial in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with CCA or gallbladder cancer (NCT02375880), but did not show additional activity beyond gemicitabine/cisplatin alone, which may be due to heterogeneity of differential activity for DKN-01 to different DKK1 expression or the need for increased dose/intensity.328 Whereas the effect of DKN-01 in HCC keeps unknown. This evidence concerns the gene DKK1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.