Moreover, Miro1 was found to physically or functionally interact with proteins encoded by well-established PD-causative genes, such as PINK1, Parkin, LRRK2 and α-synuclein, suggesting a possible converging role of Miro1 in controlling different cellular activities and pathways relevant for neurodegeneration in PD.5,7-10 Previously, we identified four PD patients carrying distinct heterozygous mutations in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1,11,12 all presenting mitochondria-related alterations.11-13. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Parkinson disease.