CCL2 and medical procedure: Inflammatory mediators such as inflammatory factors (TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18), chemokines (CCL2), and adhesion factors (ICAM-1,MCP-1 and P-selectin) are induced when kidney injury occurs, which facilitates the recruitment of leukocytes to the kidney and the arrival of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes at the site of injury (McWilliam et al., 2021).