TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Importantly, TNF-α has a strong inhibitory effect on lipoprotein lipase, which reduces catabolism of peripheral adipose tissue, promotes TG synthesis in hepatocytes, and induces lipid accumulation in the liver.36 In NAFLD rat models, PDTC reversed the promoting effect of IREB2 on liver injury and inflammation in rats, inhibited fat droplet formation in the liver, lowered TC, TG, ALT, and AST, and suppressed fat accumulation.