S Rohrabaugh et al. showed, using expression profiling and biochemical experiments, that an enhanced Mapk signaling is crucial to leukemogenesis by CSF3R proximal and compound mutants and that the trametinib-mediated inhibition of Mek1/2 is able to suppress leukemia induced by both CSF3R proximal and ruxolitinib-resistant mutations [26]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3R and leukemia.