Nondigestible carbohydrates, as dietary fiber or soluble fiber intake from various food sources and FOS supplementation, showed no observed associations with growth indices, gastrointestinal tolerance symptoms, BMI, body composition, the development of T1DM, islet autoimmunity, or alterations in insulin z scores, highlighting a potential area for further investigation due to their importance in digestive health and metabolism. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.