AKT1 and cancer: Since we saw ERK1/2 and AKT signaling (Fig 1G and H) and these pathways modulate proliferation and survival in cancer cells (Martelli et al, 2012; Maik-Rachline et al, 2019), we measured homeostatic cell proliferation rate and cell survival upon 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) challenge in cells containing or not HCAR1 at the nucleus.