Studies found that downregulation of UCP2 exacerbates the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, intensifying neuroinflammation in BV2 microglia and mouse models of brain hemorrhage, suggesting that endogenous UCP2 may inhibit neuroinflammation following hemorrhagic stroke, thereby providing neuroprotective effects (Yan et al., 2022). The gene discussed is UCP2; the disease is intracranial hemorrhage.