BCL2 and Hyperglycemia: β-cell apoptosis is mediated by a series of cascade mechanisms of the cysteine protease family, and current studies on hyperglycemia-induced β-cell apoptosis have focused on the balance between the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bad, Bid, Bik, and Bax) and the anti-apoptotic Bcl family (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl) (Tomita, 2016), and apoptosis occurs only when the concentration of the pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 on the mitochondrial membrane of the intrinsic pathway exceeds the concentration of the anti-apoptotic protein.