ALB and heart failure: Moreover, AMI patients aged ≥75 years face significantly higher risks of mortality and heart failure (19, 20), as well as an increased risk of bleeding complications during the acute phase due to multiple comorbidities and the use of anticoagulants (21) Given the high baseline risks in this population, an increase in albumin levels may exert a stronger protective effect through mechanisms such as stabilizing vascular integrity, maintaining oncotic pressure, and reducing inflammation.