On the one hand, high endogenous OS induced by stimuli, including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypoxia, ERS and other stimuli; on the other hand, low expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) [48]. The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is Hyperglycemia.