Surprisingly, we observed a mild, but significant reduction of S100A8 and S100A9 (log2FC −0.79 and −0.78) in esophageal CD with an even more pronounced decrease of both proteins in EoE (log2FC −2.1 and −2.3) and GERD (log2FC −1.3 and −1.4) (Fig. EV4B). This evidence concerns the gene S100A9 and gastroesophageal reflux disease.