MAPT and Alzheimer disease: The pathophysiology of AD is characterized by the presence of two distinct biomarkers: (1) amyloid plaques, composed by β-amyloid peptide (βA) that aggregates in extracellular space and (2) neurofibrillary tangles, composed by hyperphosphorylated tau, which leads to cellular stress and cognitive impairment (Fulga et al. 2007).