DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The guidelines have highlighted the uncertainty that comes from the underrepresentation of female participants and older people within trials.3,18 We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of both aggregate and individual participant trial data to estimate whether the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes differs by age and sex.