These neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and dysfunction associated with the accumulation of aberrantly processed or misfolded proteins (amyloids), such as α-synuclein in PD, amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated Tau in AD and TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in ALS. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.