For the STZ-induced T1D model, peripheral Hb1Ac together with C-peptide concentrations demonstrated that PGE2 treatment during 2D culture promoted therapeutic effects of P15-MSCs, whereas 3D-preconditioned P15-MSCs were decreased in therapeutic performance to control hyperglycemia and promote islet function after VP inhibition of YAP1 (Figure 7E-F). The gene discussed is YAP1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.