BRAF and metastatic melanoma: Among patients with metastatic melanoma, the discovery of activating mutations in the BRAF gene—particularly the BRAF V600E mutation, which occurs in approximately 40%–60% of cases—has revolutionized therapeutic strategies (Arkenau et al., 2011; Hertzman Johansson and Egyhazi Brage, 2014; Indini et al., 2019).