CD274 and neoplasm: While BRAF/MEK inhibitors reduce tumor burden by directly targeting the MAPK pathway, ICIs reinvigorate exhausted T cells and counteract immune evasion mechanisms, such as PD-L1 overexpression and the recruitment of suppressive immune cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) (Oliveira et al., 2022).