In seronegative APS (SN-APS) patients, despite the absence of traditional markers like anti-cardiolipin, anti-β2-GPI, and lupus anticoagulant, new proteomic approaches have enabled the detection of alternative antibodies, such as anti-vimentin/cardiolipin, using methods like ELISA and TLC immunostaining [30]. Here, VIM is linked to autoimmune polyendocrinopathy.