First, the identification of GRHL2 as a transcription factor driving erlotinib resistance, along with the subsequent upregulation of HER3, provides a basis for designing therapies that inhibit both GRHL2 and HER3, given that HER3 inhibitors such as HER3-DXd are currently under investigation for NSCLC (Yu et al., 2023). The gene discussed is ERBB3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.