CARD9 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Our previous study reported that HFD-induced obesity led to cardiac remodeling, increased proinflammatory cytokine production, upregulation of CARD9 expression and phospho-p38 MAPK in the heart 19, whereas these obesity-induced adverse effects and p38 MAPK activation were blunted following CARD9 knockout 13.