Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) antibodies, have changed the treatment paradigm for NSCLC, which lacks actionable genomic alterations, both as monotherapy and combination therapies. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.