TNF and Insulin resistance: An excess fat tissuealters the secretion of adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6),and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which are closelylinked to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases.2