It has been reported that impaired XK recycling by Rab11 onto cell surfaces contributes to the decreased vulnerability of the striatum to manganese-induced damage in HD.431 The decreased accumulation of manganese was found in both HD human neuroprogenitors and HD mouse striatal cells, which was also associated with an altered manganese-dependent ATM-p53 pathway.432 The resistance to manganese sensitivity in HD is different between lineages and developmental stages. This evidence concerns the gene XK and Huntington disease.