CASP3 and Alzheimer disease: Furthermore, NCGA treatmentreduced the expression of p-p38/p38 and activity of caspase 3 to agreater degree, implying stronger inhibition of the proapoptotic pathways.Notably, NCGA treatment reduced the levels of α-synuclein andAβ, two proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of PD and AD,respectively, in a more significant manner compared with that of CGA.These results suggest that NCGA may be more potent in modulating certainkey pathways involved in neurodegeneration.