TNF and viral infectious disease: However, after virus infection, Piezo1 expression upregulation by Yoda1 treatment inhibited the virus load of 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) at 48 h post infection; moreover, compared with WT control treatment, Yoda1 treatment mice presented increased PAD4 expression, ROS production and NET formation in neutrophils and increased TNFα and NOS2 expression in macrophages, whereas Piezo1−/− mice presented opposite alterations and even abolished these effects of Yoda1 treatment in WT mice (Fig. 1B–F, Supplementary Figs. S5F, S6A-E).