Under normal and viral infection conditions, magnesium at a physiological concentration (0.6 mM) increased NET formation and the expression of PAD4, SIRT2 and HIF1α; upregulation of Piezo1 expression by Yoda1 treatment promoted these effects, but Piezo1−/− abolished these alterations (Fig. 5E–H). Here, SIRT2 is linked to viral infectious disease.