AKT1 and breast cancer: TAM-specific deficiency of sentrin/sumo-specific protease 3 leads to increased AKT1 phosphorylation, promoting the M2 polarization of TAMs, which in turn leads to increased proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.[36] Cheng and colleagues reported that tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 8-like 1 (TIPE1) expression was high in TAMs and negatively correlated with patient survival.