Afterwards, we further characterized the expression of CD69 (a marker of T cell resident and activation) on the surface of CD8+ T cells in pancreatic cancer tissue, which population is considered to be significantly enriched with neoantigen‐specific T cells in our previous studies.[11] As shown in Figure 2M,N, the amount of CD69+CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue was significantly higher in the combination treatment group compared to the PanNV alone group (p = 0.0037). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.