In the PROMIS study, in a clinical population defined by raised PSA or abnormal DRE, it was found that over half of the significant cancers seen on MRI were missed on standard transrectal biopsy.8 MRI lesions scoring 4/5 had >50% likelihood of harbouring clinically significant cancer, and those scoring 5/5 had >70% likelihood of harbouring clinically significant cancer. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is cancer.