STAT3 and adenomyosis: While the exact cause of abnormal decidualization of endometrial stromal cells in adenomyosis patients remains unknown, our investigation of the molecular mechanism of abnormal decidualization of endometrial stromal cells in adenomyosis primarily reveals abnormalities in pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3), and hedgehog.