BMP2 and bone disorder: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that primarily affects postmenopausal women and the elderly, characterized by a loss of bone mass and increased bone fragility.4,53 Currently, available medications for the treatment of osteoporosis are categorized as anabolic (such as parathyroid hormone and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 [rhBMP-2]) and anti-resorptive (such as bisphosphonates, calcitonin, raloxifene and denosumab).54 However, their long-term usage is often limited by associated side effects.