These findings have been replicated in humans, with raised concentrations of NLRP3, IL-1β, ASC and caspase-1 in serum, cerebral spinal fluid and the cerebral cortex tissue of patients with TBI associated with increased injury severity and worsened clinical outcomes.77 78 80 The NLRC4 inflammasome has also been implicated in the inflammatory response to intracranial haemorrhage, and both NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes may contribute to the sterile inflammation observed during cerebral and hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury.81, 83. The gene discussed is NLRC4; the disease is intracranial hemorrhage.