CD8A and pancreatic neoplasm: To explore the impact of hypoxic conditions in the tumor microenvironment on tumor-immune cell interactions, this study utilized a previously validated model of tumor cell hypoxia to investigate the crosstalk between hypoxic pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells [17–19] Additionally, this study aimed to identify the cytokines involved in modulating the effects of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells under hypoxic conditions, which may contribute to immunotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.